School Health Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

School Health device - Essay ExampleIf for example, a student was experiencing pain from an infection they contracted, then he/she may non be able to concentrate in class or while doing personal reading hence bringing about failure. It is important to remember that health does non simply cover physical issues it encompasses the mixer and affable realm as well. Students can only be considered healthy if the whole body is go in order. Is a student feels left out and isolated, hes/her social needs argon neglected and he/she cannot function at full capacity. Students, who may be taking harmful substances, mess up their mental abilities and hinder their own development. All the above aspects must be put into consideration when coming up with a comprehensive drill health plan.In a recent study done among teenagers in Michigan, it was found that risky behavior is still prevalent among youth. There is a decline but that does not mean that the problem has been eliminated completely. It is therefore important to focus on those regions when coming up with a school health plan. It is quite crucial to ensure that these areas are dealt with otherwise these issues could disable students or in flagitious cases. These issues could cause death. Some of these risky behaviors includeSome research has been done by the Division of adolescent and school health and also by the Centers for malady Control and prevention on the prevalence of these behaviors among adolescents. (Centre for Disease Control and prevention, 2000) It was found that seventy two percent of the students in Michigan schools do not take in classes in physical education. Alongside this, majority of children between the ages of six and nineteen in the United States are overweight or suffer from obesity. This is an alarming statistic especially when assessing the health status of children in America. It is quite suicidal to ignore this problem because obesity causes psychological and physical trauma for t he children suffering from this disorder. First of all, they are commonly isolated from the rest of the school community. Other students look at them as abnormal and may not want to associate with them. This causes a lot of disturbance in the minds of these young ones. Obesity impairs children from fully alive(p) in sports and other social activities because they cannot bear their weight or may be ashamed of displaying it. In addition, it brings a number of diseases associated with poor blood circulation, heart performance and cholesterol. These include heart failure or stroke, fluctuating blood sugar and proud blood pressure. All these conditions are a very safe threat to achieving full academic potential. Research was done by the Substance Abuse and Mental operate Administration in the year 2001. They found out that there are about four cat valium American children that try taking tobacco everyday. This means that there are a very high number of students who are hooked to th e habit. Tobacco use is an issue that must be addressed as soon as possible. There are a number of damages that arise from this risky behavior, prototypal of all students ruin their respiratory system. They could develop a number of diseases like asthma, tuberculosis and even lung crabby person at an early age. These health problems would

Fallacious Arguments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fallacious Arguments - Assignment ExampleFurther, when we discover a fallacy in an argument, it does not imply the conclusion is false or else, it means that the argument does not efficiently establish its conclusion. I therefore would have to construct arguments that display distinct fallacies.Red Herring fallacies Appeal to Emotion. Rather than providing reasons, this graphic symbol of argument only incorporates meaningful language for aggravating empathy or resentment towards a specific assertion. call up You should not oppose Mitt Romney. It is Unrepublican. This isnt excellent argument but absolute rhetoric. For this case, the argument rests upon the put in that you cannot be a loyalist if you do not agree with everything Romney says.Fallacy of Causation. This is the fallacy of inferring that A caused B, from the supposition that and A and B are interrelated. Consider Our study finds obese people are avid readers of books on nutrition and weight loss. Therefore, a book on n utrition and weightless influences someones termination to be obese. For this case, the conclusion doesnt follow from the premiss, because it is probable that the connection here is unintended. Alternative, it may be that indication a book on nutrition and weight loss should assist you reduce the excess calories instead of the way round.The fallacy of Division. This is the fallacy of deducing that the parts of A must have a certain aspect, from the premise that A as whole has an aspect. Consider Rick Santorum prematurely terminated his campaign. And that means his personal adviser is responsible for premature suspension of the campaign. Just because Santorum suspended his campaign doesnt mean that his advisor do the decision to terminate his campaign prematurely. It is even possible that his advisor advised him against early campaign

Director Spike Jonze's music video for ''Praise You'' Essay

Director Spike Jonzes music scene for Praise You - Essay ExampleOpening on the staked out area of a theater mezzanine, the video for Fatboy Slims video Praise You features a small troupe of inelegant dancers as they perform to the song being played on a boom box set on the ground before them. Although the song lyrics themselves indicate a artless devotion, the video has a bit of fun by involving regular people with no special talents or distinguishing abilities. Through the interactions with the audience, they, too, become characters in the video, representing the every man in society while the one soulfulness to appear sharply dressed, as if they were somebody shows up only long enough to stop the fun for the space of time in which hes present. In the video for Fatboy Slims video Praise You, director Spike Jones works to have fun with the world in introducing the completely untactful but blissfully unaware character of Richard Koufey while emphasizing the irreplaceable treasure of the individual, regardless of who he or she might be, underscoring the meaning contained within the song.

Public Enemy's Can't truss it Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

man Enemys Cant truss it - Research Paper ExampleChuck D. one of the Public Enemy in an interview with Melody Maker in the year 1991 gave an insight to the song subject matter or rather what their song was addressing by saying, the song was about how the corporate world of today had meliorate the demoralizing act of slavery. In addition, he talked on how they cannot control what they create in the music attention and because of the presence of the media, they can neither control on how they run their lives or their state of mind-what they are thinking. Furthermore, that the mingled circumstances that they do not have power over force them to limit their working and restricts them from having self-possession on any property or business. Consequently, there will be lack of jobs while the greater forces he identified as the tweed people had jobs because they owned businesses. He goes on to explain how the white people have put in place various institutions that that provides less ons on how to live in the States when the blacks did not have any institutions to teach them. He argues that the only institution that the blacks could turn to is their families but that overly could not help as they were subjected to slavery. Chuck D finally remarked that the song was about the ongoing terms of the black final solution which people choose to ignore while the others such as the Jewish holocaust was being addressed (Lemelle, p38).By the use of the term holocaust Chuck D referred to the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of the blacks who seek to stand up and make a change by denying them their rights. This has changed ever since through the years as an increasing number of rappers have taken control of their marketing and business opportunities. They have grown so opportunistic that by mentioning a product on their lyrics they would be paid. A good example is Jay-Z on his 2000 track give it to me where he gives a rap placement to Moto rola, using a line in the lyrics Motorola, two way page

The War Powers Act of 1973 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The War Powers Act of 1973 - turn out Examplechairwoman Harry Truman set the precedent of circumventing Congress, and the Constitution, when he deployed process to Korea in 1950. Congress essay to regain its sole authority to herald war when it passed the War Powers Act in 1973 as a response to the undeclared Vietnam War. The Act allows the Commander-in-Chief to respond to emergency situations and deploy troops for a limited meat of time without a formal declaration of war. However, presidents from Truman to George W. Bush have summarily ignored this Act as well as their constitutionally limited authority by waging protracted wars all over the world. all(prenominal) have selectively cited the part of the Constitution that gives them authority over the armed services while ignoring the part that stipulates they do not have the authority to operate war on their own.According to the United States Constitution clause One, Section Eight, only Congress has the exclusive authority to to declare war and grant letters of trade name and reprisal (United States Constitution). Presidents do not have this authority. However, the War Powers Act of 1973 circumvented the Constitution. The Act allows for the President to deploy troops to a country for 60-90 days without the consent of Congress (War Powers Resolution, 1973). It is intended to first allow the president to deploy troops in an emergency situation but secondly to strictly enforce Congressional authority to declare war, to adhere to the framers of the Constitutions intention for the peoples representatives in Congress to decide if military action was in the nations best interest. Given the ambiguity of this license the office of President now has to initiate war, but the President could, hypothetically of course, act without specific congressional approval to wage war against a sovereign nation that did not pose a military threat. This could theoretically get hold of to a seemingly

Investigating and Applying an Ethical Framework to a Nursing Scenario Essay

Investigating and Applying an Ethical Framework to a Nursing Scenario - Essay simulationThe Kerridge, Lowe and McPhee model (2005) suggests seven qualitys for decision-making. The first step is stating the problem while the second step is some getting the facts about the problem (Freegard, 2006). The case study reviews the problem and the later part of the essay provides an rating of the honest issue in accordance with the model.The case scenario relates the account of a seventeen year old girl Judy who had been admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) with acute medical pain. Judys provisional diagnosis was Pelvic incendiary Disease (PID) until the doctors got the report for her medical tests taken in the ED. The main issues of the case study be inclined in the table below.she cant be in that much pain, she rolls over to sleep when she thinks we are not watching her, yet soon as she sees us she asks for Morphine if she is going to get herself an contagion then she should l ive with the consequencesThe negligence, lack of documentation of charts and prompt response to patient, discrimination and absence of proper interest and compassion, lack of compliance to instructions of DMO by the nurses are some of the legal issues. They also let in-person biases prejudice their care, as pelvic inflammatory disease is often caused by sexual intercourse, an assumption that has lead the nurse to treat Judy disdainfully. They were also not cooperative with their colleague, Sue, and derided her. There was no follow up on ectopic pregnancy, which, as it turned out later, was the underlying cause of the severe abdominal pain.The third step in Kerridge, Lowe and McPhee model of decision-making entails analysis of the fundamental ethical principles. A framework to analyze the fundamental ethical principles commonly used in bioethics, called principlism, includes four guiding principles autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice (Butts & Rich, 2005). Anwari (20 08) states that beneficence and non-maleficence are old concepts

Short Story Fiction. Choose one of the following topics; avoid Essay

Short Story Fiction. Choose one of the following topics avoid ho-hum plot summations - Essay ExampleSituational jeering is present in Everyday Use, which enriches the understanding of the theme and its dramatic plot. Since the story begins with Dees domination of her family, readers may expect that she will continue to control her mother and sister and witness the quilts for herself. Dee knows that as the educated one in her family, she can easily manipulate her family, who once when she read to them, were seance trapped and nescient underneath her voice (Walker). The reversal of expectation happens, because Mama strongly opposes Dees demands for the quilts and decides to give it to Maggie. Apparently, the birth can also change to a lion when needed. In addition, situational irony persists as a cast of characters of exploring the theme of traditional versus modern beliefs. When Dee arrives in a more African ensemble, Walker seems to be inviting readers to deem that Dee has c hanged and shed her superior ego complex. Instead of being humbled by college education, however, Dee becomes more enamored with the theme of subjugating rural life, especially its backward (Walker) thinking and practices. Irony shows that Dee remains culturally immature, as she degrades how rural tillage will see these old quilts as fit for everyday use (Walker), when for her, a learned African would see it as a precious piece of African heritage, one that is fit for display. A nonher situational irony example in this story is when Dee fully turns into a white oppressor, all the while believing that ever-changing what she looks like and her name have turned her into a genuine African. Dee tells her mother that her new name is Wangero, because she could not stand being named after the people who oppress me (Walker). Dee also complains that her mother and Maggie remain completely ignorant of their heritage and she says Its really a new day for us. But from the way you and Mama stil l awake(p) youd never know it

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 27

Case Study - Essay usageThe company has identified the prom from the statistics that it has collected, it go away be therefore prudent to adjudicate solution to this problem. The study butt of using AI is that it accentuates the positive, rather than seeking for a problem to fix it. Is main objective is to pursue and pinpoint the distinctive qualities and exceptional strengths of an organization, which members can build on to improve performance. The AI touch on consists of four steps, disco rattling, dreaming, design and destiny. In regard to Discovery the parkway Nursing criminal maintenance leaders should seek to identify what they think are the organizations strength. The employees of Parkway Nursing Care will give the occasions of when they matte that they are satisfied in their jobs. In the dreaming stage is supposed to act upon employees to use the knowledge from discovery phase to speculate on possible futures. The design will be aimed to make the employees of Park way Nursing Care to find a common vision on how the organization will olfactory sensation like in the future and agree on the unique qualities. On the fourth phase the employees will aim to fulfill their dream by typically writing actions plan and implementing their strategies.Parkway Nursing Care will face some resistance when they are implementing this phases of AI, the most common form of resistance to variety will be because of fear of unknown. Resistance to change will also appear to be very selective since each employee would want a change that benefits them.There employees are not engaging in their respective jobs as required, this implies that the board of directors have to re-energize the surveyforce. The employees have to make believe that it is very meaningful for them to let in their job. To reenergize the work force the employees job characteristics has to be enhanced as well as the make sure that the resources at Parkway Nursing Care are sufficient. This will ensur e that the workers are reenergized and the work is done

2_Economics for Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

2_Economics for Sustainability - Essay ExampleHundreds of millions of individuals might suffer water shortages, hunger and coastal flooding as a result of global warming. Scientists warn that if the human beings does not aggressively control climate change, the consequences will be disastrous. Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are collecting in the atmosphere resembling a thickening blanket. The blanket traps the heat from the sun, thereby causing the earth to warm up (Houghton 2004, p. 30).Although temperatures vary naturally, over the past five decades, the average worldwide temperature has augmented at the fastest set witnessed in history. greenhouse gases emissions to the atmosphere emanates from the human activities. It is approximated that ninety percent of greenhouse gases emissions are human produced. Greenhouse gases such as methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide have caused much of the observed increase in worlds temperatures. Failure to lower level of gre enhouse gases emissions, especially carbon dioxide, will destroy the global economy (Maslin 2007, p. 15).As Weart (2008, p. 37) notes, life on Earth relies on energy emanating from the sun. Approximately half the dizzy getting into the globes atmosphere passes via the clouds and air to the surface. The light is absorbed and subsequently radiated upward in the form of infrared heat. Approximately ninety percent of this heat is subsequently absorbed by the hothouse gases and emitted back towards the earths surface, which is warmed to a life supporting average of fifteen degrees Celsius. A layer of greenhouse gases principally water vapour and smaller amounts of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide act as a thermal blanket for the planet.The thermal blanket absorbs heat and warms the Earth surface. Scientists have come to an pledge that the primary cause of the recent trends in global warming entails expansion of the greenhouse effect by

The theory of natural selection has been applied to human culture in Essay

The theory of natural selection has been applied to human culture in many antithetic realms. How are the forces that produce diff - Essay ExampleIn India, where social stratification still obviously persists, the blue became rich because he came from a rich family. In contrast, the poor cannot reach the give tongue to(prenominal) affluence because the auberge simply does not permit such occurrence. Second, there is differential reproduction (www.berkeley.edu). In the end of Jurassic era, the huge terrestrial animals might have gone extinct, but the boring creatures such as cockroaches report to live on until the present. However, unlike in Biology wherein the favored group of creatures prospered, it is not the case in society. Rich Chinese clans, for example, only allow marriages among their family members, so as to maintain their huge assets within the same knit of people. Third, there is inheritance (www.berkley.edu). For example, in humans, the two-leggedness has been passed more successfully than four-leggedness, because the stand-up stance can get around utilize their eyes in searching for new places to move on. The same absoluteness cannot be said about society. The traits inherited do not do anything to the social stratification. Among the rich, it is only the name that allows one to be in a favorable strata. However, not all family members do not really end up rich. Those that have become rich did not just have the name, but also the persistence and grooming This character, in turn, can only be molded with experience, not heredity. References Thorpe, R. S.

Construction Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Construction Project Management - Essay practice sessionCurrent projected demand for planned wind farm construction places between US$ 8 10 billion, based on an estimate of US$ cc million for 50 MW wind farms (European Bank, 2011 and Bobylev, 2009). hoist power in Russia is still low compared to other European countries. Thus, the following are some of the pass judgment large projects in RussiaHowever, it has been observed that factors such as corruption, differences in language and culture, a tendency by the government to indulge in politically motivated campaigns against foreign firms as well as act of terrorism are likely to pose problems to investors. However, given the lucrativeness of the construction industry in Russia, it is possible for Natural office Consultants to overcome such difficulties. It has been proposed that a cautious approach has to be taken upon entry into this market. The company essential have something to offer and the impact of corruption should not be ignored.This section of the study seeks to critically learn information about Russia, its construction industry as well as various cultural issues that practically shape the operations of organisations in this country. Thus, according to Datamonitor (2011b), the construction and engineering industry in the Russian partnership shrank by about 20 percent in 2009. Although most of the construction within the energy firmament emphasises oil and gas pipelines, Russia has on-going wind farm projects. These include the ones within the 50 150 MW rated capacity range (European Bank, 2011). Recently, Russia announced a plan for investment of about US$200 million for what is yet to induce the largest wind farm project in the country. This includes the 50 MW city of Yeisk wind farm located on the coast of the Sea of Azov (RIA Novosti, 2010). Based on a construction cost figure of US$200 million / 50 MW capacities for a wind farm in Russia, the following relatively large projects

Financial statements interpretation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial statements interpretation - Essay ExampleThe main reason is that the ratios ar simple to calculate. Moreover, they provide a standard for comparison between companies or between the company and the perseverance in general. They endure also be applied to various time periods of the same company and go off provide valuable information related to the trend and future prospects (Pendlebury and Groves, 2004). The ratios that are chosen for analyzing VDB Limited implicate Operating Profit Margin, Return on Assets, up-to-date Ratio, Quick Ratio, Average Collection Period, Stock upset period. The ratios are computed for VDB Limited outdoor staged on the financial statements provided for the two years. This will provide a base for comparison of theThe profit margin is the pulsation of the companys ability to earn profit from the generated revenue. This is a very alpha and crucial ratio as this depicts the earning capacity of the company (Samuels et al, 2000).It is clear fr om the values that the profit margin has declined steeply in 2008 relative to 2007. Though the revenue is much high in 2008, the purchases and the expenses are relatively higher and hence lesser profits.This ratio measures the in acclaim generating ability of the assets. ... This ratio is necessary, since the income or the earnings is given higher immensity and a company should not only have high revenues, but should also earn the income from it. The gift on assets is computed asReturn on Assets = ( last-place Income / Total Assets) * 100Profitability20072008Return on Assets10.53%7.89%It is obvious that the assets are not being utilized at the same level as that of 2007. The income generating ability of the assets has come down in 2008. iii. topical RatioThe current ratio is a measure of the companys ability to hold out its current liabilities using its current assets (Samuels et al, 2000). It is computed as Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current LiabilitiesRatio20072008Curr ent Ratio3.162.96The current ratio is a measure of liquidity and it indicates that VDB Limited is well positioned in price of liquidity and will be able to cover its liabilities. Though the ratio has reduced in 2008, it is noneffervescent very substantial and a healthy value.iv. Quick RatioThe quick ratio is a measure of the companys ability to cover its current liabilities using its liquid assets. The assets included in this ratio are those which can be easily converted to cash (Samuels et al, 2000). It is computed as Quick Ratio = (Current Assets - Inventories) / Current LiabilitiesRatio20072008Current Ratio1.51.48VDB Limited has sufficient liquid assets to cover the current liabilities. There is no change in the quick ratio in 2008. v. Average Collection PeriodThe time period (no. of days) taken to apprehend the receivables is a crucial measure that illustrates the companys ability to collect the debts (Samuels et al, 2000). It is computed asAverage Collection Period = (Averag e (net) Receivables) / Net Sales) *

Multi Sector Collaborative Project Research Proposal

Multi Sector Collaborative Project - Research Proposal idealThis portion of the project introduces the thing. The topic a very brief explanation regarding it should be given in this portion. The topic chosen for study is to study the make of the enjoyment of ice-skating rinkamphetamines in Spokane. Excessive usage of ice-skating rink by the people is one of the major issues that Spokane has been facing in the recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects that argon created by this dose on the social setup of Spokane and the methamphetamineods to curb the further spreading of this noxious habit among the people.This portion is the introduction of the project. The project and its purpose are to be explained in detail in this portion. An introduction regarding what Methamphetamine is and what influence it had on Spokane is to be enumerated in this portion.Meth is a drug that speeds up the activities of the brain. This drug is norm totallyy in the form of powde r. It is alike available in pills and crystal forms. This drug is largely used by the youth. This drug affects the central nervous system very badly. Excessive usage of this drug is harmful for human being as it causes many diseases including diseases that are related to the cardiac system. It will also result in higher body temperature. People use this drug through many ways. Smoking, swallowing, inhaling and injecting are some of the methods through which people take in this drug. This drug is used by some others to go down weight or to boost up their performance. That is usage of this drug will accelerate the working of shopping center and brain. As a result of which blood flow increases in the body. It is found that excessive usage of this drug has even resulted in death. Hypothesis A hypothesis is any argument made by the researcher that he intends to prove by the results of his study. The hypothesis of this project can be any statement that shows that usage of Meth is har mful. The hypothesis here is excessive usage of Meth will harm the social setup of Spokane and will also harm the future generations of the societyObjectives of the study This is one of the important components of any project. The accusative of the study is the intention of the researcher behind doing a project. The research or project should be carried on by adopting the objectives as the base. The objectives of this project are as followsTo study the impact of excessive usage of meth on the social setup of Spokane. To analyze the impact of court order on the mindset of Meth addicts. Main body Main body of the work is where all the information regarding then topic and all the literature required for conducting the study is listed. In this portion the researcher should gather detailed information regarding the components of the topic of study. The main objective of this project is to analyze the impact of the usage of Meth. The project is being studied on the basis of legal commun ity weapons platform that is conducted for many meth addicts of the region. The people who are considered here for prevention program are persons who are charged with drug related offences. The results of the project are based on the prevention program and the additional information gathered from various secondary sources. Spokane is a city located abutting to Washington. This city is located along the Spokane River. This city is also called Lilac City. Spokane is the second largest populated city in Washington. The

The Settlement Patterns and Living Conditions of Irish Migrants in the Essay

The Settlement Patterns and Living Conditions of Irish Migrants in the United States, And Canada in the Nineteenth Century - Essay ExampleThe Settlement Patterns and Living Conditions of Irish Migrants The Irish tidy sum immigrated in planned flairs and mostly to specific regions of the New World. Their settling tactics were occupying iodin side by the ocean or a huge, passable river, which amalgamated the internal area to the ocean. They chose to comprise near the ocean a relatively limited area because it was a grass toss sour region of the world is deep down such areas. They wanted a climate that suited the areas they were familiar with and was suitable for the type of agricultural exertion that they practised. Accessibility to the ocean enabled them to trade their produce with goods that were manufactured in Europe that they used before. This immigration was super influenced by the Irish potato famine that affects the Irish people. The potatoes dish was a staple meal for the Irish and the lack of it forced many to move to the USA in search of remedy living. This was during the time when the American dream notion had spread worldwide. The Irish heard that America was a worry free land and different from the struggles that they were encountering back home. The potato famine of the 1840s led to Irish people struggling to preserve themselves live thus they had to look for better healthy living conditions, as well as, secure employment. The famine was blackened in Ireland as the British rulers failed to assist with the food shortage and the condition of grain exportation to catch up with proprietors their rent become unbearable for most people. This was practically the cause of the Irish immigration during the 1800s. The famine claimed all over a meg persons fading of starvation while survivors were affected by diseases such as cholera and typhus. This forced them to flee for the USA and Canada as the living conditions were unbearable in Ireland. I t is also of necessity to grind that the ship the boarded to America was as terrible as the circumstances back home. The coffin ship, as it was cognize had poor conditions that many people lost their lives during the sailing trip to the USA and Canada without achieving their dream of a better life. Additionally those that, safely reached the promised dream settled in new environment that they struggled to adapt to, as they were not used to it as well as struggled to find shelter (Bekerman 123). During the shortage years, almost a million Irish came in the USA. The famine refugees were the initial immense group of deprived migrants to arrive in the U.S. The Irish potato famine started in 1845. The potato plants rotted and turned black because of airborne fungus phytophthora infestans. The fungus is extremely toxic, and it infects thousands potato plants from just a single plant that has the fungus. During the 1846 summer, the Irish weather was not favourable to the people. It mig htiness be said that it was working against the Irish. The cool, moist summer helped spread the fungus to wider areas affecting more potatoes along the way (McKenna 320). This started the infamous Irish potato famine in Ireland that caused a difficult life for many people as well as their families. This famine turned Ireland upside down as well as other places in the world due to the immigration from Ireland. After the potatoes were destroyed, the Irish people started living off wild blackberries, nettle and old cabbage leaves as well as edible seaweed and green grass.

Talent Management Strategic Plan Talent for Candlelight. Inc Essay

Talent Management strategical Plan Talent for Candlelight. Inc - Essay ExampleThe gaps that need to be filled in the companys HRM include motivation of employees, retention, training, and development, and commitment.This involves an analysis of where the organization is now, and where it should be in future in terms of talents management. The gaps that need to be filled in the companys HRM include motivation of employees, retention, training, and development, and commitment.4. Develop subjective Talent PoolsDeveloping internal talent pools enhances employee retention and commitment and reduces employee turnover. It involves training and development, motivation through compensation and rewards, and creating work-life balance.5. Attracting and twist External talent to replace those employees who have left, the company should attract experienced, qualified and committed employees. One of the mechanisms to do that is to build the image of the company and an employer brand that can at tract the best talent. Diversity should also be considered. To build external talent, the company should also engage students who are still undergoing their studies through internship designs.6. Building organizational CultureThe company should also build on elements of organizational culture and work environment to enhance employee expiation and retention.7. Assessing and Evaluating PerformanceAfter all the above have been done, the company should measure the results of the talent management program and communicate the successes and failures encountered (Newfoundland and Labrador, 2008).

Contact Lens clinical case report (postgraduate Optometry studies) Essay - 1

Contact Lens clinical case report (postgraduate Optometry studies) - Essay ExampleSubsequently, another couple up of lenses was required and he was doing well.His mother has taken the commitment for lens insertion at night in front sleeping, removal at morning and proper cleaning and storage. Boston cleaner was used for cleaning, saline for launder and Boston advance conditioning solution for storing.This is one of the after care visits. The long-suffering comes with his mother and states no complaints. His mother informs the optometrist that the entire family is going to spend the next two months overseas and the departure realize is during this week.Unaided visual acuity was R 6/6-, L 6/7.5, while unaided binocular vision was 6/6-. Over refraction was R -0.25 DS (VA 6/6) and L -1.25 DS (VA 6/6). When the lens measurements are taken, it is revealed that lenses have been interchanged and the patient has been eating away incorrect lenses for the last six months. This explains the difference in unaided visual acuity between the eyes and the lack of correction in left eye. goof lamp evaluation shows a Dystrophy like change in the cornea, more significant on the pay off eye with no limbal injection. Its location is in mid periphery corneal stroma extending from 9 to 4 oclock in the right eye and from 10 to 2 oclock on the left. previous segment images of OCT show white opacity in anterior stroma.The patient needs to discontinue wearing OK lens for the next period because of the dystrophy change noted in the cornea. Besides, it will be difficult to monitor the corneal change since the patient will be spending holidays overseas. Therefore, the patient has been certain to cease wearing lenses and using disposable achieve lenses until regression of OK treatment occurs. The powers of insouciant contact lenses, to be worn in the same order for both eyes, are as follows -0.75 DS, -1.25 Ds, -2.00 DS, -2.50 DS, -3.00 DS. In addition, the patient has been provided a pair of -3.50 DS monthly contact lenses to be worn on a daily basis, besides his

Fiscal Federalism in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Fiscal Federalism in Nigeria hearThe question of an acceptable polity for value income enhancement share-out among the component tiers of the Nigerian nation is one of the nearly protracted and controversial debates in the political and macroeconomic management of the economy. This debate has its foundations in the history and exploitation of the Nigerian federation. Revenue parceling or the statutory distribution of tax receipts enhancement from the conspiracy Account among the various take aims of giving medication has been one of the most contentious and controversial issues in the nations political life. So contentious has the matter been that none of the formulae evolved at various times by a commission or by decree infra different regimes since 1964 has gained general acceptability among the component units of the country. Indeed, the issue, like a recur decimal, has painfully remained the jump fuss that nearly every incoming regime has had to grapple wi th since indep annihilateence. In the process, as many as thirteen different attempts name been made in devising an acceptable tax apportioning formula, each of which is much remembered for the controversies it generated than issues settledFiscal federal official officialism refers to the scope and organize of the tiers of government responsibilities and functions as strong as the allocation of resources among the tiers of government. Perhaps the most important issue of fiscal federalism is the revenue allocation formula, the sharing of national revenue among the various tiers of government ( plumb revenue sharing) as well as the distribution of revenue among the state governments (that is, horizontal revenue allocation).The centralization of Nigerias fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to fall upon a balanced development of the federation. Revenue allocation can be described as a method(s) of sharing the centrally generated revenue among the different tiers of government and how the amount allocated to a particular tier is share out among its components.Nigeria is a federal state under the federal system of government, federation or centrally-generated revenue is shared among the three levels of government, namely the federal government, the states and the topical anaesthetic governments. The theory of revenue sharing in a federal state is that each level of government receives an allocation of financial resources tailored to their specific requirements as define by the man involution of legislative competence, their actual situation and the statutory indices of calculation.In Nigeria, decisions as to what equalizer of centrally-generated revenue that would be retained by the federal government, the proportion that will be shared among the state governments and the proportion that will go to the local government has always been a problem, due to the fact that there is no consensus of opinion as to what could be seen as an ideal formula.The principles that guide the implementation of intergovernmental fiscal relations allow (a) The Principle of Diversity The federal system must have the ability to accommodate a extended variety of diversities. Hence, the fiscal system must provide scope for variety and differences to supply national, regional and local public goods. (b) The Principle of Equivalence Based on the geographical incidence of different public goods, allocative might requires the equalization of locational advantages arising from inter-jurisdictional differences with a combination of taxes and public goods and services.This requires the use of fiscal instruments for achieving macroeconomic objectives of growth, stabilization and full exercising by residents of different geopolitical units this requirement controls for what is often referred to a s central city exploitation thesis. (d) Minimum Provision of Essential Goods and Services This ensures that fiscal federalism guarantees all citizens, irrespective of where they reside, the minimum provision of ertain introductory public goods and services. (e) Principle of Fiscal Equalization In station to ensure a minimum level of public goods and services same degree of fiscal equalization is required.This is as a result of differences in resource endowment. (f) The Efficiency Principle This principle implies that efficiency must be applied in the allocation of resources (g) The Principle of Derivation The component units of a system should be able to control some of its accept resources as they desire. h) The Principle of Locational Neutrality Interregional fiscal differences tend to influence location choices of individuals and firms. Therefore, policy should focus on minimizing distortions due to some interference. Hence, differential taxes which create locational distorti ons should be avoided as much as practicable. (i) The Principle of centralised Redistribution This principle states that the redistribution function of fiscal policy through progressive taxation and expenditure programmes should be modify at the federal level.That is, if the redistributive function is decentralized, it can result in distortions in location decisions. It should be illustrious that the above principles are non mutually consistent. There are several challenges and contending issues confronting intergovernmental fiscal relations in Nigeria 1) Non Correspondence Problem Ideally, each level of government should be given adequate resources to allow it bolt its responsibilities.Because this is non possible, there is usually a lack of correspondence between the spending responsibilities and the tax powers/revenue sources assigned to different levels of government. It is this incongruence that is often referred to as the non-correspondence problem. In Nigeria, most of t he major sources of revenue come under the jurisdiction of the federal government yet lower levels of government are supposed to generate informal revenue. There is, therefore, the need to resolve the imbalance between assigned functions and tax powers.The issues concerning fiscal relations among the destiny units of the Nigerian federation that remain mostly unresolved are the divergence between assigned functions and tax powers, principle of horizontal and vertical revenue allocation, dependence of states and local governments on federal sources of funding, tendency towards tautness and federal presence in the states (Fadahunsi, 1998). The five principles currently applied in the horizontal revenue allocation formula are far from acceptable to all the stakeholders. 2) Fiscal Autonomy and IndependenceThe issue of sexual congress fiscal autonomy and independence of the state and local governments in a true federal structure goes with the corollary issue of the correspondence of governmental functions and revenue sources. Since the creation of the twelve-state structure in 1967, states and local governments have been to a fault dependent on the Federation Account. This independence must be reduced if the federating units are to be rid to pursue their own development goals without being hampered by the unpredictable fluctuations in their shares of the Federation Account.It is important that revenue sources should be reallocated and made compatible with the fluctuations stated for each tier of government to enhance steady and graceful funding of administrative and developmental activities instead of the often experienced unexpected financial constrictions at the deuce lower tiers of government. 3) Oil Producing States, Oil Producing Local Government Administrative Areas or Communities Professor Omo Omoruyi in his treatise the politics of Oil who owns the fossil oil, Nigeria, states or communities (2000) raised three salient questions on true ownership of oil in Nigeria.The question of local control over local resources is an established constitutional principle in federal systems. But the way the Nigerian federal system developed under the external colonial order (1954-60) and continued under the period of geo-ethno-military internal colonial order (1960-1999) and in the democratic dispensation between 1999 to date is yet an unresolved contending issues in the discourse about Nigerias federalism. He challenged the Tripod approach to Nigerias problem where the three major ethnic nationalities decide the content and the trend of national issues. This tripod approach to Nigerian politics, should have been done away with by now, with the introduction of the notion of federal character, which takes states in the federation as the units of representation.The tripod approach to Nigerian politics applies to how the oil, which comes from the non-majority areas, is approached in the political and economic discourse. We should also be aware o f the expression among the majority ethnic nationalities that the areas producing oil by virtue of powerlessness in the military and politics should not be allowed to lay claim to the oil from their areas as of right.However, theres a distinction between oil producing communities and oil producing states. This is the basis of the activities of the Traditional Rulers of the Producing Communities who are dealing with the President and want the money due to states on the basis of the 13% derivation in the Constitution should be paid to the oil producing communities/local government areas. The Traditional Rulers argument is that communities own oil and not states.This is an unresolved issue and separates the communities in riverside areas at a time affected by oil spillages from their compatriots in landed areas from enjoying the full benefits of allocations to producing states. One does not know the end of this argument. How should the National Assembly address this matter? The feder al government should find a way of do the oil producing local government administrative areas as shareholders in the joint venture arrangements with the oil companies, thereof making them stakeholders in the oil industry.There was the issue of who should be spending the oil money. Should it be the Nigerian government in conjunction with the oil producing areas? Should it be the oil producing areas alone? The Constitution from 1960 till aft(prenominal) the civil war up till 1978 gave the right of ownership to the federal government but the progeny were shared between the federal government and the regions or states on the basis of derivation like the farming(a) crops. 4) Federation Account and the Derivation FundIt is important to define what constitutes the Federation Account to which the various vertical revenue allocation formulae have been applied and what should be directly financed from it. Up to 1990, the amount accruing yearly to the Federation Account was still over 96 % of totally federally collected revenue but since 1991, when it first dropped to about 75% and nose-dived to around 35% by 1997, it showed no sign of recovery (Olowononi, 1999).It is therefore clear, that in such a situation, whatever the vertical formula applicable, there must still be a serious fiscal imbalance between the ederal government and the two lower tiers of government. It is crucial to redress this revenue imbalance in the spirit of balanced true federalism. What appears to account for this imbalance is the assertion of the self-claimed right by the federal government to finance various first-line charges from the Federation Account before the application of the vertical formula. The first-line charges include funding for external debt service, national priority projects, NNPC priority projects, special reserve account, and excess proceeds of the rasping oil oil sales account, and in addition, the joint venture cash calls account.These deductions are made from the pro ceeds of crude oil sales before the derivation fund in the Federation Account is arrived at, and after which get along deductions for special funds and the funding of the federal capital territory are made. It will seem more logical, with the exception of the joint venture case calls, that these various charges which are federal government obligations be financed whole from the federal governments revenue proper, that is, from its share of the Federation Account or from its revenue from another(prenominal) sources.Therefore, in order to determine what constitutes the derivation fund, resolving the issue of the Federation Account is crucial. Thereafter, the derivation formula to be utilized can be arrived at. 5) Oil Producing Areas and the Derivation Principle The crude oil employment has been the most important economic activity in the Nigerian economy since the early 1970s is not subject to debate. Its impact is not limited to its contributing almost 90% of Nigerias total con trasted exchange earnings but also to the fact that the national budgets are predicated on the expected yearbook production and price of crude oil.

Ethnic Challenge Essay Example for Free

Ethnic Challenge EssayThe phrase, Ethnic Challenge by Hollie Shaw discussed about marketing to culturalal groups in Canada. Shaw stated that understanding ethnic groups culture, beliefs, and realities is the key to successfully penetrate into their market. Companies, however, need to de merryr their promises to these groups to ascent sales and guarantee loyalty. Even though Canada adheres to multiculturalism, Shaw further noned that marketing to ethnic groups was never the facial expression, as ads had only featured immigrants but had not directly addressed their market before. Today, however, companies like Shoppers Drug Mart Corp. Costco sell Canada Ltd. , Hudson Bay Co. , and Wal-Mart Canada Corp. , uses cultural marketing. Moreover, Shaw pointed out the case of Sunsilk, a famous shampoo brand in southeasterly Asia, which re swear outed its proposed ad after research found that its ad featuring a gay male hairdresser and his female person client and confidante will no t be effective, as South Asian women do not abide this kind of relationship with their hairdressers. In conclusion, Shaw stated that ethnic marketing will become more outstanding in the coming years as more and more immigrants are finding home in Canada.Shaws Ethnic Challenge is related to the course material in that the latter justifies the contentions discussed in the former. Shaw began the article by saying that before, big companies lacked the efforts in marketing to Canadian immigrants (par. 1). The course material mentioned a population systems theory, which contends that in that location exists a dominant core and a subordinate periphery in the contemporary world, so people have the natural tendency to give more importance and attention to power and position (p. 271).Consequently, based on the theory, big companies would give marketing priority to the dominant core that holds power and authority. In addition, the ethnic groups were previously excluded in marketing and ad vertising since the dominant culture perceived them as divergent individuals and groups who do not conform to societal expectations (p. 272). However, Shaw pointed out that marketing, which excludes immigrants and ethnic groups has been changing, as more businesses try to target them through their ads (pars. 2-3).This new focus of marketing can be credited to the rise of new philosophical approaches on humanism that questioned power and inequality. Furthermore, as human geographers increasingly become more aware of the transformation of people and places, cultures are not just viewed as a way of life but as a process that allows involvement from people who would construct their own landscapes (p. 270). Thus, the critical knowledge that theories have move down affect how Canadian lifestyle and living has been, including marketing and advertising.In addition, the article, which discussed the shift of focus in marketing target and the course material, which mentioned the rise of cri tical definition of culture are very run manifestations that Canada respects all ethnicities, as marketing now targets previously-ignored immigrants (par. 5) and as Canadian policies continue to actively embolden multiculturalism, respectively (p. 270). After reading through the course material and the article, I have come to support the question we should ask ourselves as native Canadians Do we want immigrants to be assimilated or acculturated into the Canadian purchase order?Shaws article answered this by clearly discussing marketing and advertising that cater to ethnic cultures, tastes, beliefs, and realities an acculturation which allows ethnic groups to become part of the larger Canadian society, but still retaining their distinctive identity. Personally, I do not want them to be completely assimilated to our society as they have native and original cultures that they naturally live by. Thus, ads should truthfully reflect and represent their realities if companies want to be successful in their businesses.Moreover, since there is no group or culture that stands above the others, if ads need to have different versions, in different languages, let them be. In this way, every group, ethnic or not, will feel that they are given attention and they have a place in the society. Paul Dalbys Truly an Epidemic The Diabetes Epidemic, revealed that diabetes, which was once considered a disease of the kernel age, is becoming an epidemic in Ontario as Canadians, regardless of age groups, has been found to carry the disease.The article started with the case of Michael Jacoby, once an all-star athlete but now struggling with token 2 diabetes, in which the pancreas does not elevate sufficient insulin or the body does not properly use the insulin it makes. Ninety percent of diabetics have this type of diabetes (par. 4). Dalby further revealed that there are 2. 25 million diabetics in Canada, one-third of which lives in Ontario a 69 percent jump of the prevalence of the disease (pars. 7-8). Moreover, what is more alarm systeming is that children as young as 10 years old have been found to have diabetes (par. 0).Thus, according to Dr. Diane Fine tidy, a massive campaign to convert bad habits (par 22), which means a change from supersized diet and sedentary lifestyles (par. 14) to proper eating and enough consumption (par. 23) is required. The course material is related to Dalbys article in that the former can explain the expatiate discussed in the latter. For instance, Dalby named diabetes an epidemic, which the course material defined as a temporary but widespread outbreak of a disease. Furthermore, the current statistics, which stated that one-third of the 2. 5 million diabetics come from Ontario, can be explained by the fact that the province, which is home to big cities, lives a very fast-paced life and holds more food choices.Thus, there is a greater opportunity to eat pathologic foods. Moreover, Ontario, beingness an industriali zed area, people tend to work longer hours and thus become less active to engage in exercise. However, according to the course material, the execrable are less likely to be unhealthy. In Ontario, this does not seem to be the case, as those who convey diabetes are poor in lifestyle choices presence of a different culture and lack of exercise.Nevertheless, in other countries, the poor being unhealthy is justified be hasten they are underfed. But in the case of Canada, close people are underfed of healthy foods. Furthermore, Dalby mentioned that a change in lifestyle of bad habits is call for to stop the rise of people suffering from diabetes and get Canadians to be healthy. The course material defined being healthy as living a healthy lifestyle watching good eating habits, good physical and mental health, and strong immune system not smoking or drinking and regularly seeing a doctor for checkups.Moreover, Dalbys revelation of diabetes being an epidemic is a cause of alarm for ev eryone because as the course material discussed, there is an interconnection between population, health, and environment, a study known as medical geography. With the unstoppable increase in Canadas population, it cannot help but worry about the cause and spread of diabetes, the huge cost of healthcare systems to fight the epidemic, and the effects of a changing environment on the health of Canadians.The data that the course material provided enabled me to be worried about my own health, as intimately as the health of my fellow Canadians, particularly the children. Most of us are lured by fast food and unhealthy foodstuffs because of their unique and delicious tastes and availability most also do not even do exercise due to lack of time and unwillingness. However, living in a fast-paced world is no excuse for us to disregard our health. If more, we should be primarily concerned because our population is not growing some(prenominal) smaller and our healthcare facilities are not get ting any cheaper.Furthermore, we have to watch carefully our lifestyles against unhealthy food and habits because with the population boom, we do not know how our world can adequately provide for our primary needs for us to live happy, healthy, and satisfying lives. In addition, the innocent little ones, so fond of sweets and cast out foods should be strictly guided and monitored to eat only healthy foods because without them, how can our nation function healthful in the future?

India’s Trade in 2020 Essay Example for Free

Indias Trade in 2020 EssayIntroductionIndias sell has generally sound-grown at a faster tread comp bed to the issue of GDP everyplace the ultimo two decades. With the relaxation behavior since 1991 in particular, the importance of planetary flip-flop in Indias frugality has grown considerably. As a result the ratio of international job to GDP has gone up from 14 per pennyimeime in 1980 to nearly 20 per penny towards the end of the decade of 1990s. Given the trends of globalization and liberalization, the nakedness of Indian economy is expected to grow further in the coming two decades. The more get magnitude of Indias merchandise in 2020 and its proportion to Indias national income would be determined by a mannikin of factors. Many of these factors atomic number 18 in the nature of external shocks and are beyond the control of national constitution making. wizard illustration is the recent surge in the crude oil prices in the international commercialise to u nprecedented levels that postulate affected the countrys imports in a signifi back tootht manner. In addition, the carrying into action of various WTO savvys are authorisation to affect the Indias mickle. Indias grapple is also likely to be affected by various bilateral/ regional preferential manage arrangements that draw been concluded and those that might take conformation in the coming geezerhood.This paper attempts to raise a mapping of different factors that are likely to work out the patterns and magnitudes of Indias imports and trades over the coming two decades. These factors are classified into three, namely 1) factors alter the demand for Indias trades of goods and services 2) factors bear upon the cede of Indias tradeings of goods and services and 3) factors affecting the demand for Indias imports.The supply of imports whitethorn be assumed to be malle adequate and hence is non discussed.The structure of the paper is as follows. Section 1 maps out various factors affecting demand for Indias exports, Section 2, factors affecting supply of Indias exports. Section 3 lists the factors that are likely to affect demand for Indias imports. Section 4 briefly summarizes emergent patterns of Indias comparative advantage in exports of good and services. Section 5 makes nearly concluding remarks.1.Factors Affecting the Demand for ExportsThere is a multitude of factors that are likely to affect the demand for Indias exports of goods and services as seen below.3 Growth consummation of World Economy and Key Trading RegionsThe developing rates of the human economy and world trade do influence the overall demand for Indias exports. For instance, the rates of stagnation in the growth rate of world trade in the period since 1996 have affected the growth of Indias exports. virtually broad correspondence surrounded by the growth rates of world trade and Indian exports is evident from Figure 1. Depending upon the intensities of Indias tra de relations the growth prospects in these specific regions may also affect the demand for Indias exports. The regions which may be particularly burning(prenominal) for Indias exports include North America, the European Union, Middle East, East and southboundeast Asia and federation Asia. Therefore, it will be grand to watch the growth outlook and projections for these regions.Figure 1 Growth Rates of World Trade and Indias Exports everywhere the 1990s Source RIS on the basis of WEO Database of the IMF1.1.1. World Output and Trade at the Turn of the snow and the Outlook The world economy in 2000 seems to have fully recovered from the torpid down of 1998-1999 on account of the East Asian crisis. The estimated world output growth of 4.8 share in 2000 is highest since 1988 and of world trade at 12.4 percent is highest of the past 25 years (Table 1, Figure 1). The impressive recovery of the world economy and world trade in the early part of 2000 generated optimism all just app roximately as countries expected to social welfare from favorable spillovers in the form of rise in demand for their exports. However, the optimism has proved to be short lived.It has been partly tarnished somewhat by the crude oil prices hitting the roof in the third quarter of 2000 and adversely affecting the outlook of many regions besides raising the threats of inflation in different parts of the world. furthermore and more importantly, the emerging trends confirm that a trend of slow down was set in the US economy in the third quarter of the 2000. Hence, fears of a hard landing of the US economy in 2001 have continued to grow. A scenario of hard landing of the US economy in 2001 is thus likely to short-circuit the rebound of the world economy of 1999-2000, even though the major European Union economies are improving their performance. The Japanese economy continues to remain sluggish.The slow down of the US economy has a intensify effect on the growth of the world economy b y adversely affecting the demand for the products of supply countries as well. As a result the growth rate of world output is likely to slow down in 2001 from the levels reached in 2000 to 3.2. The world economy is expected to pick up moderately to 3.9 per cent in 2002. The effect of the impending slow down is more severe on the growth rate of world trade which is likely to reduce by nearly half from the rate achieved in 2000 to around 6.5 per cent in 2001 and 2001. In the light of recent trends, the outlook for the world economy and trade growth over the next ten years could be taken at 3 and 6 per cent respectively.*Indonesia, South Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand. ASEAN-4. Source RIS based on World Bank (2001), IMF (2001).1. WTO AgreementsSince the capital punishment of the Final Act of the Uruguay bicycle in 1995, the WTO Agreements have become important factors in determining the patterns of world trade. Their full impact is not yet obvious as many provisions of these agreements are yet to be implemented because of the novelty period provided. Most of the remaining provisions of the WTO agreements would be implemented in the coming five years. Therefore, the patterns of trade in 2020 would have to be speculated keeping in mind the impact of full implementation of the WTO agreements. Some of the agreements which are likely to affect Indias exports are the following.1. Agreement on Textiles and garmentsThe Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) proposes to class out the MFA quotas imposed by the developed countries on the imports of textiles and vestments from developing countries over a period of 10 years ending on 31st December 2004. Given the fact that India has advantageously fulfilled her quota for the products coming down the stairs MFA, it may appear that the phasing out of these quotas would help in the expansion of exports. However, the impact of the phase out is likely to be a mixed bag.This is because with MFA phase out, Indian exporters would be competing at present with early(a) exporters of textiles and garments such as mainland china, Korea, Taiwan, Pakistan, Thailand, Turkey, Mexico, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Macau, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, among others. Therefore, while ATC provides an opportunity to Indian exporters to expand their exports of textiles and garments by removing the quota restrictions, it also poses a challenge of increased international competitor. Some of them will enjoy preferential devil to the importing countries due(p) to their least developed country (LDC) status such as Bangladesh.There are apprehensions on the full benefits of phase out being available to developing countries. As such the schedule of the phase-out has been back-loaded over a ten-year long phase-out period. The industrialize countries may use other protectionist measures such as anti-dumping to prevent market bother after the phase-out of quotas. A large second of textiles and clothing products already guinea pig tariffs in the range of 15 to 30 per cent in the Quad countries (World Bank, 2000). Some attempts of restricting them with anti-dumping duties have already been made against these exports including those from India. other factor that will affect the emulousness of Indian exports of textiles and garments in the post-MFA regime is the avail tycoon of trade preferences to emerging competitors of India. For instance, Mediterranean countries such as Turkey, Cyprus and Malta and Central and Eastern European countries enjoy clean-handed trade agreement with the European Union ahead of their full segmentship. The Caribbean countries enjoy a similar preferential access to the unite States market under the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI).Mexico enjoys a privileged access to the North American securities industry as a member of NAFTA. These trade preferences have already resulted into diversion of trade in textiles and clothing to these countries. For instan ce, Mexican exports of clothing to the United States have grown at the rate of 27 and 15 percent in 1998 and 1999, respectively with the growth rate of exports to Canada in these years being 30 percent and 26 percent, respectively. Similarly, exports of clothing from Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Turkey to the European Union in 1998 have grown at 26 percent, 14 percent, 11 percent, 23 percent and 11 percent, respectively (WTO, 2000).The ability of Indian exporters to take advantage of phase out the MFA quotas by 2004 will depend upon a number of factors such as their ability to levy overall international competitiveness with productivity and efficiency improvements, quality control, ability to quickly come up with naked as a jaybird designs, ability to respond to changes in consumer preferences rapidly and the ability to move up the value reach by building brand names and acquiring channels of distribution to more than outweigh the advantages of her competitors. The reserv ation of the garment industry for small-scale celestial sphere has affected capital investment, modernization and automation in the sector in the country. Although the small sector operation has imparted flexibility, it has prevented exploitation of economies of scale and scope by the Indian industry. The in the buff Textiles Policy takes care of some of the concerns. It remains to be seen if the Indian industry will be able to exploit the opportunities provided by the increased market access with the MFA phase-out.2. Agreement on Agriculture (AoA)The AoA proposes to liberalise the international trade in agriculture by restricting the agricultural subsidies provided by governments to the farmers, reducing in export subsidies in agriculture, removal of QRs and establishment of tariff rate quotas applicable to trade in agricultural commodities. In general Indias obligations under AoA are limited inclined the low level of agricultural subsidies compared to EU and the US. It is belie ved that implementation of the AoA commitments by industrialized countries will benefit countries like India in terms of market access for some agricultural commodities. However, the implementation of the commitments on the part of industrialized countries so far does not provide any room for optimism. The extent of subsidies given by industrialized countries have actually increased over the past few years as acknowledged by OECD reports. It is possible that in the coming years the provisions of the Agreement are implemented in the letter and spirit.The likely effect of the full implementation on Indias trade is trying to be speculated. However, one can have an idea about the likely scenario from efficiency indicators and incentive structure. Given debase than world prices of rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, chickpea and cotton in India, their exports may expand under the liberalised trade in agriculture. Hence the area under cultivation for these crops may increase since profitabilit y and effective incentives will get tilted in favour of these crops. The same is true for ivory millet, pigeonpea and soyabean. However, occupation of oilseeds e.g. groundnut, rapeseed, mustard and sunflower, and pulses may be adversely affected in a free-trade scenario given the lower world prices. Thus, the import dependence in edible oils and pulses may increase.3. Anti-dumping RegulationsThe Indian exports of a number of commodities have been subjected to anti-dumping regulations by some of our important trading partners such as the United States and the European Union. The onslaught of the anti-dumping measures on Indian exports is likely to increase in future with the growing competitiveness of Indian products. In invest to minimize their disruptive effect of these regulations on Indias exports, the industry and government will have to fix the machinery to getting even such actions (Panchamukhi, 2000).1.2.4. duty Negotiations and New Trade RoundAlthough the average tariff rates in the industrialized countries are low, they have high peak tariffs for certain products, some of which are of export interest to India such as textiles and garments, and agricultural commodities (see Table 3). Market access for these products could be facilitated by our ability to secure reduction in these tariffs in the industrialized countries through future tariff negotiations in the WTO framework.N.B. HS Chapters are given in parentheses.Source RIS based on UNCTAD/WTO (2000) The Post-Uruguay Round Tariff Environment For Developing Country Exports Tariff Peaks and Tariff Escalation, UNCTAD, Geneva (TD/B/COM.1/14/Rev.1 28 January 2000)1.2.5.Trade Preferences for the Least Developed CountriesOne emerging development in the WTO system has been the tendency to divide the developing countries with the offer of special trade preferences for the least developed countries. A sizeable proportion of Indias exports still comprise labour and resource intensive goods that are also ex ported by some of the least developed countries. If successful these preferences have the prospects of diverting trade from India to the least developed countries. The potential of these trade preferences for adversely affecting Indias exports needs to be kept in mind.2. mainland Chinas Accession to WTOOne of the important events of the coming years for the world trade may be the entry of China into the WTO regime. China signed an agreement with the US for its entry into the WTO in November 1999. It has subsequently been negotiating such agreements with other WTO members. The accession of China to the WTO and hence the MFN status that it will receive from other WTO countries may have some implications for the competitiveness of Indias exports. This is because India and China compete in the international market for a number of labour intensive and matured technology goods such as textiles and garments, leather goods, light engineering products, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, among o thers. China has already been giving tough competition to Indian exports in many commodities and markets.There is a overtake that the accession to WTO may further strengthen Chinas competitiveness and hence may affect the Indian exports adversely. There is another view that the accession of China to WTO would force it to follow WTO norms and procedures, etc. and will bring their trade policy under international surveillance. State subsidies will be regulated and hence it will make it more difficult for the Chinese exporters to dump their products in the world market. The exact impact of the accession of China to the WTO on the Indias export prospects will depend upon these counteracting effects. It is important to analyze the effects of Chinese accession to WTO on the competitiveness of Indian exports.1.4. Preferential Trade Arrangements/Free Trade Arrangements in Rest of the World The last decade and a half has seen the proliferation of regional trading arrangements in different p arts of the world. The major trading blocks that have emerged over the years include the European Union, NAFTA, Mercosur, AFTA, COMESA, among others. Besides, these free trade and common market agreements, a number of other countries have become integrated with the trading blocks through a variety of preferential or free trade arrangements. For instance, European Union has extended free trade agreement treatment to a number of Central Eastern European Union and Mediterranean countries in anticipation of full membership to these countries in the EU. These arrangements could also act to divert trade away from India especially in the labour intensive goods, as indicated earlier in the case of textiles and clothing.1.5.Regional/Bilateral Free Trade ArrangementsIndia has taken several steps to liberalize trade with her trading partners in the South Asia region on regional as well as bilateral basis. These steps include participation to SAARC Preferential Trading Arrangements (SAPTA) that came into being in December 1995. to a lower place this Agreement, India has exchanged trade concessions with the SAARC member countries for nearly 3000 commodities in the first three rounds of negotiations. The fourth round of these negotiations is in the process. It is expected that the process of trade liberalization in the framework of SAARC will culminate into a South Asia Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA), although, it may take some time to take shape given the current impasse in the SAARC process. Besides SAPTA, India has recently signed a bilateral free trade agreement with Sri Lanka.India already has bilateral free trade agreement with Nepal and Bhutan. A bilateral free trade agreement is being contemplated with Bangladesh as well. There are other attempts of regional/sub-regional economic integration which may also come into being in the coming decade, for instance, BIMST-EC (Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Thailand Economic Cooperation) which has been formed recent ly may take in a preferential trading arrangement among the member countries. Although India is also a founder member of the Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation (IOR-ARC), a preferential trading arrangement is not contemplated as the Association has adopted the concept of open regionalism on the lines of APEC.All these attempts at free trade with the regional partners may open the markets for Indian goods further in the countries concerned. It is evident that the share of South Asian countries in Indias exports has increased from 2.73 to 4.9 over the period 1990 to 1999. The recent initiatives in regional/ bilateral trade liberalization may help to divert some trade of the countries concerned from their other trading partners in favour of India given the supply capabilities.2. Factors Affecting the Supply of ExportsIt is widely believed that the major factors holding Indias exports lie not in the lack of demand but more in the supply side constraints. Most of th e supply side factors need to be addressed as a part of the policy towards trade. Some of the factors that constrain the volume and composition of Indias exports are as follows1. Infrastructural BottlenecksIt is widely accepted that Indias export potential remains considerably unfulfilled because of infrastructure bottlenecks such as power shortages, port handling facilities, delays in transportation which in turn are due to poor transport links within the country and poor conference facilities. The inability of Indian exporters in meeting supply schedules costs dearly in terms of cooking stove of India as a reliable source of supply. Not only that the availability of the infrastructure services is hapless but the efficiency and quality of the delivery of what is available is highly uneven. The ability of the government in removing these constraints in the coming years will also determine the supply side of Indian exports.2. Growth of national DemandA rapid growth of interior(p renominal) demand may also affect Indias ability to export at least in certain products, for instance, in tea where the rapid growth of domestic demand is expected to reduce the export surplus in the coming years. It may also lend oneself to a number of other agricultural commodities such as rice, cotton, among others.2.3 Inflows of Export-oriented Foreign Direct Investment multinational enterprises (MNEs) have played an important role in the rapid growth of manufactured exports from the East and atomic number 34 Asian countries. This is because the South East and East Asian countries were able to attract export platform investments from US and Japanese MNEs in the 1970s and 1980s. The export platform or export-oriented investment arises in the process of resettlement of production by MNEs abroad in order to maintain their international competitiveness in the face of rising wages and other costs in their home countries. In Malaysia and Indonesia, for instance, 70 percent of the pro jects involving FDI have been export-oriented. In China, the share of foreign owned firms in exports has risen from 5 percent in 1988 to 40 percent by 1997. In contrast, the share of foreign affiliates in Indias exports is marginal at 5 to 7 percent (Kumar and Siddharthan, 1997, for a review of evidence from different countries).Therefore, India has not been able to exploit the potential of MNEs for export-oriented production. MNEs can play an important role in promotion of Indias manufacture exports with relocation of export platform production in the country with their access to global marketing networks, best practice technology and organizational know-how. To some extent, therefore, Indias ability to attract export-oriented FDI will determine the magnitude of Indias exports in 2020. The studies have shown that export-oriented FDI inflows are of special persona and are determined by different factors than other types of FDI (Kumar, 1994). The studies also find differences in the nature and determinants of export platform investments that are geared to MNEs home markets and those targeting the third countries (Kumar, 1998). India may make an effort to target the export platform investments of both types by sharpening her bundle of resource endowments and created assets in the light of determinants identified by these studies.5. proficient Upgrading and Movement along with the Value Chain The Indian export structure has been highly dominated by simple and un-differentiated products where the main competitive advantage lies in cheap labour, low levels of skills and simple technologies compared to that of China and South East Asian countries except for recent growth of pharmaceuticals and software services (Lall, 1999). Not only these products are slow moving, the export structure is highly vulnerable to competition. Indias competitiveness has also been adversely affected by the failure to diversify the commodity composition of our exports. In fact the commod ity concentration of Indias exports has increased with a 9 percent rise in the share of top six groups of exports in total and exports between 1987-1988 to 1998-99 (Kumar, 2000a).In comparison to India, Southeast and East Asian countries have rapidly diversified their export structure in favour of technologically advanced goods. For instance, share of technologically advanced goods (differentiated and science based goods) in Indias manufactured exports rose marginally to about 8 per cent by the mid-1990s over 5.6 per cent in the mid-1970s in China, this proportion increased from 8.8 per cent to 23 per cent over the 1987-95 period, and for Malaysia from 12 per cent to 57 per cent over the 1980 to 1995 (Pigato et al. 1997). The markets for low technology undifferentiated goods are highly price competitive and margins are kept under pressure by constant competition by entry of new low wage countries.

The Warehouse Designing Challenge Essay Example for Free

The W arehouse Designing Challenge try onWarehousing is a critical node in the network of logistics anxiety. Warehousing primarily involves the activities centered on receiving and dispatching materials and supplies coming into and going out of the presidency. Other materials much(prenominal) as work-in-progress, consumables and others are also held and managed by the store. incumbent developments in lean manufacture, just-in- quantify and other similar inventory reduction approaches go continued to depress inventories and may in deed change the focal point of where the place in which the inventory is held, more probable pushing it back up the fibril of interpret. In fact, the emphasis has now shifted for warehousing, and now it focuses on facilitating unperturbed flow of goods to the clients, concussion the expediency standards requirement of clients, incorporation of activities such as postponement, which is a value adding bodily process as a right smart of reduc ing stock keeping social units (SKUs) and the number of harvest-festival lines in a dust as salutary as raising the dynamism in meeting customer needs (Rushton, Oxley and Phil, 2000). universe a critical and busy part of an organization, there are some issues to do with warehousing that an organization needs to take care of lest the operations of the warehouse malfunction and consequently disrupting the entire supply chain, which normally has a ripple effect on the entire operation of the organization. These issues concern the actual function and solicitude of the general day to day operations of a warehouse. The problem and challenges for the design a resource optimizing warehouse still is a complex task to logistics designers. The strategic issues concerning the design of warehouses are discussed in this paper.Designing a warehouse Warehouses, distribution centers and stores take for to operate as integral component elements within the supply chain. Hence, when cathode-ray oscilloscope up these facilities, the key decisions must be determined by overall logistics strategies for price and renovation. The following factors have to be considered in setting up the facilities Product and Market base stability Long-term projections of how the product range may develop together with long-term market expectations for growth will very much influence on the location and size of a warehouse facility, including the space that should be set by for potential future expansion.The esteems made in this stage will ext set aside to impact on the organisations perceived needs for flexibility in future, which consequently endure influence on the level of applied science to be adopted and the type of warehouse to be built. Type of goods to be handled by the warehouse The goods that an warehouse fecal matter handle allow finished goods , raw materials spare parts, and work-in-progress in a span of material sizes, types, amentaceous lives and other characteristics that may be set by an organization.The range of units to be handled could be from undivided teensy-weensy items to packages, sacks, palletized loads and on up to containers of ISO certification. Special requirement s for humidity and temperature mould most promising have to be met, and all these requirements will have absolute impact on the level of technology to be adopted. Location, type of facility and its size the detail role of a warehouse in a supply chain together with content, the role and location of any other facilities in the in the chain will directly determine or at least influence the size and design capacity as well as the type of operation of a warehouse.The need for inventory reduction, customer base, core of inventory , overall service level and time compressions in the supply chain should be critically adverted into in making decisions concerning location, type and size of a warehouse to be built. Whether the warehouse should be operated by the organizatio n as an own-account or outsourced to a third party to run it is yet a nonher consideration that should be made. Inventory and its location there rises a question within the supply chain of not only in what locations to hold goods but also what goods and in what quantities to hold (Donald, Waters, 2003).The options that could be available could include distribution centers designed to cater for specific parts of the product range or specific markets, specific geographic areas, or regional centers for distribution of fast moving product lines, and a strategy of dimension slower moving lines in the national distribution centers only. Customer base, service levels and product range are the factors that will influence the choice. Choice of unit load the choice of loads-roll or cage pallets, tot bins, pallets-will have significant weight in determination of the characteristics as well as the nature of the goods passing along a supply chain.This clearly encompasses a wide range of produc ts, pack types and services, and unit quantities (Rushton, et al, 2000). ). This may look like as a routine factor that is less subject to strategic influences and more to in operation(p) influences. Within the warehouse however, it can influence the sizing and choice of storage bodys as well as handling equipments. Further, in a wider context, it will affect vehicle loading and unloading as well as vehicle role and eventually the entire transport operations (Ross, 2004).Warehouse Design social function The basic principle of good warehouse design is to first of all define the overall requirements of the system and by carefully analyzing data, come up with a design that incorporates equipments and methods which most closely match those requirements. However, a n overriding prerequisite exists which is, for whatever level of technology or deign that is adopted for a accompaniment project, a fast, accurate and effective information system to monitor and drive the operations is a n end result.The following tones make up the design process i). Definition of system requirement and design constraints the design requirements for distribution depot operation or a warehouse after taking into considerations such as likely business developments and potential forecasts for future growth, are likely to constitute desired service level to be achieved, required throughput and storage capacities, specified facilities such as quality , packaging and others.the constraints in this stage could include but not limited to time, for instance the facility could be set a date by which it is to be running financial limits such as limit on cost per unit throughput or capital expenditure, among others. ii).Define, obtain, and analyze data specifications for the most appropriate location and type of warehouse to be built can be obtained from various sources, for example through conducting a research base on the companys size, structure and the nature of business it engages in, fa irly reliable information can be adduced from the data collected and from this a n effective design of a warehouse developed.A firm can also decide to outsource the warehouse designing professionals who are more likely to develop for it the most resources optimizing warehouse than any other person. Iii). Establish what unit loads that will be used this will be a decision concerning the appropriate unit loads that are to be adopted, and include stillages, Skid sheets, pallets, tote boxes, roll cage pallets, and garment rails. The choice of unit loads to be handled directly influences the ability t utilizes space efficiently and the choice of equipment.The customers may impose the dispatch unit loads with suppliers imposing the unit loads their material supplies arrive at clients premise as well. The warehouse designer should therefore put these factors into consideration when designing the most appropriate for the processes to be carried out. Benefits of unit loads include movement m inimization, standardization of equipments, material security, as well as minimizing the time it takes to load and unload vehicles.Wooden pallet is the most common unit load (Ross, 2004). iv). Postulate original methods and operations the primary processes that will take place in a warehouse, must be accomplished together with how they will be performed. The communication and information requirement should also be determined. Considerations of which systems, paper or paperless, will be used also need to be emphasized, with the kind of warehouse attention system in mind. v).Calculate staffing levels this requirement for operating staff is closely related to the requirements for mobile equipment, and in legal age of cases will fallout of the calculations. The staffing costs should enable full costing of the warehouse to be made. vi). Prepare thinkable sites and building layouts this encompasses all the component of warehouse processes both inside and outside the building. After t his stage comes the terminal stage whereby the design of the warehouse is turned into a physical facility. Management of Warehouse and informationThe blanket(a) responsibilities of managing distribution center or warehouse include good control, effective planning, as well as optimum resource use in the drive to achieve the objectives of the operation. The aims of an effective operation includes meeting the service level requirements operation that is cost effective use of resources in an effective and efficient manner, safe operation, meeting the requirements for safety and in work environment and maintaining the integrity of stock (Rushton, et al, 2000).The operating cost for any individual component in a warehouse mainly depends on the nature of the industry and the nature of the particular warehouses operations among other factors. The dominant costs have though been found to be staff and building costs. Two key factors that managers and designers should put more emphasis on ar e the utilization for building space and proper design and management of systems for picking orders. ConclusionThe adoption of computer establish information systems in the management of material supplies, such as just-in-time approach, which have enabled up-to-theminute information on stock location and availability to be accurately provided, have in a big way challenged the need to have warehouses and holding stock. Even with the deep integration of logistics and production planning, together with accurate techniques for forecasting demand, there will always be a level of mismatch between demand an d supply optimization in many if not all supply chains.Hence warehouses cannot be eliminated from the supply chain. For this reason, the management of warehouses should be done using the highest level of management techniques in all areas of operations. The fist step is to design a warehouse that will effectively optimize the use of available space in the most economic manner possible. Such an initiative will keep the supply chain slick and hence make an organization to avoid or reduce the operation losses that come with clog up or stalling of supply chains, whose consequences are usually severe.References Donald, C. , Waters J. , Waters, D. (2003). Global logistics and distribution planning strategies for management (4th ed. ). London Kogan Page Publishers Ross, D. (2004). Distribution planning and control managing in the era of supply chain management (2nd ed. ). MA Kluwer Academic Publishers. Rushton, A. , Oxley, J. , Phil, C. (2000). The handbook of logistics and distribution management. VA Kogan Page Publishers.

In Memoriam (Tennyson) Essay Example for Free

In Memoriam (Tennyson) EssayThe poem is non, n superstartheless, merely a r verbotene to expressage personal grief. Even though the I of In Memoriam is at times totally linked with the poet. Tennyson, the poet himself supposed that it is recurrently proposed to symbolize how the human track down expresses and communicates by means of him. The individual sorrow and uncertainty became a microcosm for the put out being be argond by the men and women of the nineteenth century who had been moving a mood from corporate trust in handed-down religion, as the evolvements in science were acquiring on to the ending that as such in that respect was no divine hand which existed to guide. The vocalizer rattling gets troubled finished the loss he has beared exclusively he gradually consents to the nonion that, regardless of the outside signs of confusion, and disorder the world actually becoming a give place to live in his helpmate Hallam enters in to be seen as a messenger of a superior reace which will show way to humankind to lead them to graven image.Tennyson shifts alternately from insensitive misery to self-awareness and gets in addition see that writing numbers is an antidote for pain. Poems 9 through 17 throw up a cluster amalgamated by the poets thought on the arrival of Hallams body through the ship from Italy. A calmer anguish now encompasses his heart. This anguish receivable to grief gradually exculpate the drumhead pull down firmer, scarcely the more deeper the sorrows are than words livelihood closed within in his heart. He commences on not to display his emotions openly yet as he should (Richard, 2004). As a consequence, In Memoriam portrays the chief Victorian clash of science and creed to be the true work of its era Tennysons effort to settle each sort of doubts that are based on religion which take parenthood from his not public sorrow and the outcomes of pre-Darwinian theories which are associated to season were cut dow n by thinkers of his time as a reasonable landmark.The cyclic modification in the turn from personal anguish and desolation to the bigger vision of the public and apprehension for wider, social problems that thunder mug be seen in this poem reveal Tennysons mounting reception of and settlement with the issues of his age. As the elegy gets to its ending, the poet becomes more strongly influenced. His love, even though was seen on their preceding earthborn association, is vaster passion which is now that Hallams incidence is spiritual and subtle through God and nature. The elegy ends up with the self-assured statement of the poet which shows that the living are real and will supplementarily move cosmoss measures and of the faith in its real sense that will not be highlighted single after(prenominal) run.FormThe poem is not, n one and only(a)theless, merely a way to express personal grief. Even though the I of In Memoriam is at times totally linked with the poet. Tennyson, the p oet himself alleged that it is recurrently proposed to symbolize how the human race expresses and communicates through him. The individual sorrow and uncertainty became a microcosm for the distress being beared by the men and women of the 19th century who had been moving away from faith in traditional religion, as the evolvements in science were getting on to the ending that as such there was no divine hand which existed to guide.The speaker actually gets troubled through the loss he has beared only when he gradually consents to the notion that, regardless of the external signs of confusion, and disorder the world actually becoming a better place to live in his friend Hallam enters in to be seen as a messenger of a superior reace which will show way to humankind to lead them to God.As a consequence, In Memoriam portrays the chief Victorian clash of science and faith to be the true work of its era Tennysons effort to settle each sort of doubts that are based on religion which take birth from his not public sorrow and the outcomes of pre-Darwinian theories which are associated to succession were cut down by thinkers of his time as a reasonable landmark. The cyclic modification in the turn from personal anguish and desolation to the bigger vision of the public and apprehension for wider, social problems that whoremonger be seen in this poem reveal Tennysons mounting reception of and settlement with the issues of his age (Matthew, 2002). modeTennyson shifts alternately from insensitive misery to self-awareness and gets too see that writing poetry is an antidote for pain. Poems 9 through 17 make up a cluster amalgamated by the poets thought on the arrival of Hallams body through the ship from Italy. A calmer anguish now encompasses his heart. This anguish due to grief gradually make the mind even firmer, but the more deeper the sorrows are than words keep closed within in his heart. He commences on not to display his emotions openly but as he should.As the eleg y gets to its ending, the poet becomes more strongly influenced. His love, even though was seen on their preceding earthly association, is vaster passion which is now that Hallams incidence is spiritual and subtle through God and nature. The elegy ends up with the self-assured statement of the poet which shows that the living are real and will supplementarily move humanitys measures and of the faith in its real sense that will not be highlighted only after death.Because I Could non Stop for DeathFormThe tone, or the emotional position of the speaker in this particular poem, is passing significant and the deception in Because I could not stop for Death. Although the theme is related to death, it is not a serious sad thing to talk over. In disagreement, Death is shown to be equal to a suer in which emerges as fundamentally a fable, with abstractions constantly incarnate. overwhelmed by Deaths consideration and patience, the speaker responds by adding to her aside her work and free time (Vendler, 2004). One sees m any(prenominal) of Dickinsons typical devices at work the tightly patterned form, based on an undefined subject, the riddle- same puzzle of formation that subject, the shifting of mood from apparent observation to horror, the grotesque images couched in emotionally distant language. All this delineates that check, that coming upon with God, with nature, with the self, with ones own mind which is the center of Dickinsons best poetry.Whether her work looks inward or outward, the subject subject area is a encounter leading to awareness, and part of the terror is that for Dickinson there is never any mediating middle design she confronts herself in relation to an abyss beyond. There is no society, no community to make that experience toothsome in any but the most grotesque sense of the word, the awful penchant of uncontrollable fear. The uphold trinity of the poem changes the proportions. Although the experience is not actually any of the four things she has mentioned above, it is give care them all but now death, the first, is given seven lines, night three, frost only two, and fire is squeezed out altogether.It is like death because she has, after all, seen figures arranged like her own now her lifespan is shaven,/ And fitted to a frame. It is like night when everything that ticked over again windup(prenominal) imagery for a natural phenomenon has stopped, and like frosts, which in early spill morns Repeal the lace Ground. Her vocabulary startles once more The ground beats with life, but the frost can void it bowl over suggests the law, but natures laws are here solely nullified.Finally, in the last stanza, the metaphor shifts completely, and the experience is compared to something new drowning at sea. It is stopless but cool the agony that so often attach Dickinsons poetry may be appropriate to the persona, but nothing or so her, neither concourse nor nature, seems to note it. more or less important, ther e is neither chance nor means of rescue there is no penning of land. Any of these conditions would apologise despair, but for the poet, this climatic experience is so chaotic that even despair is not justified, for there is no word of land to despair of reaching.StyleDeath is a mostly a concern of Dickinsons poetry. Usually in order to make means of exploration, she will surely check that its objectification all the way through a persona who has already died. The truth is that life is short and death is long. Perhaps in this sobering truth one may find that Dickinsons poem is as much roughly life about how one ought to redeem it from the banal as it is about death(Laurence, 2004). One sees many of Dickinsons typical devices at work the tightly patterned form, based on an undefined subject, the riddle-like puzzle of shaping that subject, the shifting of mood from apparent observation to horror, the grotesque images couched in emotionally distant language. All this delineates that experience, that confrontation with God, with nature, with the self, with ones own mind which is the center of Dickinsons best poetry.Whether her work looks inward or outward, the subject matter is a confrontation leading to awareness, and part of the terror is that for Dickinson there is never any mediating middle ground she confronts herself in relation to an abyss beyond. There is no society, no community to make that experience palatable in any but the most grotesque sense of the word, the awful gustation of uncontrollable fear. The second third of the poem changes the proportions. Although the experience is not actually any of the four things she has mentioned above, it is like them all but now death, the first, is given seven lines, night three, frost only two, and fire is squeezed out altogether.It is like death because she has, after all, seen figures arranged like her own now her life is shaven,/ And fitted to a frame. It is like night when everything that ticked again me chanical imagery for a natural phenomenon has stopped, and like frosts, which in early autumn morns Repeal the Beating Ground. Her vocabulary startles once more The ground beats with life, but the frost can void it repeal suggests the law, but natures laws are here completely nullified.Finally, in the last stanza, the metaphor shifts completely, and the experience is compared to something new drowning at sea. It is stopless but cool the agony that so often marks Dickinsons poetry may be appropriate to the persona, but nothing around her, neither people nor nature, seems to note it. Most important, there is neither chance nor means of rescue there is no report of land. Any of these conditions would justify despair, but for the poet, this climatic experience is so chaotic that even despair is not justified, for there is no word of land to despair of reaching.ContentDeath appears personified in this poem as a courtly beau who gently insists that the speaker put aside two labor and le isure. He arrives in his carriage, having stopped for her because she could not have stopped for him, and he even submits to a chaperone, Immortality, for the length of their excursion together. It was not Death, for I stood up Riddling becomes less straightforward, but no less central, in such a representative Dickinson poem as It was not Death, for I stood up (510), in which many of her themes and techniques appear. The first third of the poem, two stanzas of the six, suggest what the it is not death, night, frost, or fire. Each is presented in a couplet, but even in those pairs of lines, Dickinson manages to disconcert her reader. It is not death, for the persona is standing upright, the difference between life and death reduced to one of posture. Nor is it night, for the bells are chiming noon but Dickinsons image for that fact is also unnatural.The bells are mouths, their clappers tongues, which are Put out personification here does not have the effect of making the bells more human, but of making them grotesque, breaking down as it does the barriers between such normally discrete worlds as the mechanical and the human, a distinction that Dickinson often dissolves. Moreover, the notion of the bells sticking out their tongues suggests their contemptuous attitude toward man. In stanza two, it is not frost because hot winds are crawling on the personas flesh. The hackneyed phrase is reversed, so it is not coolness, but heat that makes flesh crawl, and not the flesh itself that crawls, but the winds upon it nor is it fire, for the personas stain feet Could keep a Chancel, cool. Again, the persona is dehumanized, now grotesquely marble.While accomplishing this, Dickinson has also begun her inclusion of sense data, distributive in the first part of the poem, so that the confrontation is not only intellectual and emotional but physical as well (Hood, 2000). The second third of the poem changes the proportions. Although the experience is not actually any of th e four things she has mentioned above, it is like them all but now death, the first, is given seven lines, night three, frost only two, and fire is squeezed out altogether. It is like death because she has, after all, seen figures arranged like her own now her life is shaven,/ And fitted to a frame. It is like night when everything that ticked again mechanical imagery for a natural phenomenon has stopped, and like frosts, which in early autumn morns Repeal the Beating Ground.Her vocabulary startles once more The ground beats with life, but the frost can void it repeal suggests the law, but natures laws are here completely nullified. Finally, in the last stanza, the metaphor shifts completely, and the experience is compared to something new drowning at sea. It is stopless but cool the agony that so often marks Dickinsons poetry may be appropriate to the persona, but nothing around her, neither people nor nature, seems to note it. Most important, there is neither chance nor means of rescue there is no report of land. Any of these conditions would justify despair, but for the poet, this climatic experience is so chaotic that even despair is not justified, for there is no word of land to despair of reaching.Thus, one sees many of Dickinsons typical devices at work the tightly patterned form, based on an undefined subject, the riddle-like puzzle of defining that subject, the shifting of mood from apparent observation to horror, the grotesque images couched in emotionally distant language. All this delineates that experience, that confrontation with God, with nature, with the self, with ones own mind which is the center of Dickinsons best poetry. Whether her work looks inward or outward, the subject matter is a confrontation leading to awareness, and part of the terror is that for Dickinson there is never any mediating middle ground she confronts herself in relation to an abyss beyond. There is no society, no community to make that experience palatable in any but the most grotesque sense of the word, the awful tasting of uncontrollable fear (Barton ,2008)ConclusionIn this paper we have analysed two brilliant works of poetry, one In Memoriam by Tennyson as compared to Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Dickinson. We have analysed both the works in terms of their content, form and style and evaluate how they have been done by their various(prenominal) writers.ReferencesBarton, A. (2008). Tennysons Name Identity and Responsibility in the Poetry of Alfred, Lord Tennyson. Burlington, Vt. Ashgate,. Hood, J. (2000). Divining Desire Tennyson and the Poetics of Transcendence. Brookfield, Vt. Ashgate, Laurence. M. (2004). W. Alfred Tennyson The Critical Legacy. Rochester, N.Y. Camden House, Matthew, C.( 2002). The comforter ofOtherness The Male Love Elegy in Milton, Gray, and Tennyson. Jefferson, N.C. McFarland,. Richard,B. (2004). Experience and Faith The Late-Romantic Imagination of Emily Dickinson. New York Palgrave Macmillan, Lundin, Roger. E mily Dickinson and the cunning of Belief. Grand Rapids, Mich. William B. Eerdmans, 2004. Vendler, H. (2004). Hennessey. Poets Thinking Pope, Whitman, Dickinson, Yeats. Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press.